syntax across languages per language

Remarks

(1) when unused
(2) for C, it is not a standard convention, but it is the more widespread
(3) any string literal would work
(4) see also =head1, =head2, =over, etc
(5) need "file: %script-header.r" in file header
(6) displayed <- with a special character
(7) variable on the right
(8) the variable behaves like a pointer
(9) cf horizontal layout
(10) introduce scope
(11) ascii representation, original uses a special charset
(12) in Modula-2, <> and # are synonyms
(13) === and !== differ from == and != when the objects' type differ
(14) for objects
(15) normal / structural / unification / arithmetic
(16) deep comparison
(17) in List::Util
(18) Univ operator
(19) procedure call
(20) the function is "f: g:"
(21) in Pliant, special sugar for only one parameter
(22) f is a block
(23) Python >= 2.5
(24) it does not scale to 3rd argument
(25) when callee has special "&" prototype
(26) this is a block, not precisely a function, but it's alike
(27) also works for procedures: proc {$ A B} ... end
(28) x, y, z are the parameters
(29) method is optional
(30) in Lua, "return xxx" can only appear before a block end. in Matlab, only in inline('...')
(31) "return" is used when there is no value to return
(32) in Matlab, only for anonymous function
(33) the result goes to "e"
(34) "break"s are mandatory, even for "default"!
(35) Perl >= 5.8.0
(36) in Ruby, see also catch/throw
(37) often provided in the abbreviated form call/cc
(38) expression "e" is cast to the type of "v"
(39) quite bad: only the reference is non-mutable whereas the object is still mutable
(40) eventual send
(41) properties are something alike attributes, but really are methods
(42) one level depth
(43) general deep copy function
(44) object cloning is the default, uses the copy constructor in C++
(45) see also isMemberOf
(46) assignment attempt
(47) see also callable(obj.meth) for unbound methods
(48) in Python, usually called self
(49) ":" is for external symbols only, recommended
(50) directory name is package name
(51) if names are exported using @EXPORT
(52) if names are not exported or are exported using @EXPORT_OK
(53) deprecated in ANSI Common Lisp, but used in ASDF
(54) using a correspondance from the package name to the file name
(55) no spaces
(56) when using format
(57) see also cPickle
(58) but not using the C-like %-syntax
(59) adding an end-of-line
(60) in BourneShell, adding an end-of-line
(61) adding an end-of-line unless already newline-terminated
(62) faster than isEqual
(63) in Lua >= 5.0
(64) in C++, is range-checked whereas a[i] is not
(65) ESI dialect
(66) beware of 0.0 which is true in Pike!
(67) in Modula-2, "&" and "and" are synonyms
(68) in Oz, simple functions, not operators
(69) restricted to initialisation of a local variable in C and C++
(70) a b c must be constants
(71) beware, if you give only one integer argument, it is the size!
(72) for write access: a i o put
(73) in C++, it is range-checked whereas a[i] is not. in Smalltalk, for write access: a :at i :put o
(74) list comprehension
(75) in Perl, in List::Util
(76) not in standard
(77) see also unwords and unlines
(78) in C++, it is done in place
(79) in Scheme, not standard, but nearly standard
(80) the result is not guaranteed to be the same as the order in the input
(81) Borland Pascal extension
(82) prefix
(83) postfix
(84) infix
(85) optional value is only for pointers
(86) only for "access" types
(87) attribute selector
(88) returns an iterator
(89) jot on BSD
(90) long is a big integer
(91) integers are decimals
(92) with mathematical priorities
(93) APL uses a real multiplication sign for multiplication from a special character set
(94) for each various types
(95) Ruby >= 1.7
(96) in module Data.Bits
(97) see also bit-and / bit-or / bit-xor
(98) see also bit-not
(99) equivalent to newProcess + resume
(100) "stop" is now deprecated
(101) a thread is created from a block, which is a closure on the variables as seen by the block

Credits

Yoann 'Pad' Padioleau (Haskell additions, Beta, various fixes)
Jakub Travnik (Pascal, Delphi-Kylix)
Robert Feldt (Ruby additions)
Pascal Terjan (PHP)
Carlos 'angus' (PostScript)
Axel Kittenberger (various)
Guido van Rossum (block vs scoping)
Jeffrey Hobbs (Tcl)
Mark-Jason Dominus (SML, various)
Ash Searle (Java, PHP, JavaScript)
Mark S. Miller (E)
Pete Jinks (various)
Steve Tolkin (various)
Franck Arnaud (Eiffel)
Tom Murphy (SML)
Guy Steele (Fortran, and many various)
Carl Gay (Dylan, CommonLisp)
Jay [email protected] (Lua)
Philippe Lhoste (Lua, JavaScript)
Jim Rogers (Ada, Java, Threads section)
Ketil Z. Malde (Haskell)
Mark Carroll (Modula-3)
Keith Wansbrough (Haskell and a few SML)
Remi Vanicat (OCaml)
Matthieu Villeneuve (CommonLisp)
Joachim Durchholz (Eiffel)
Walter Vannini (C, "breaking lines" idea)
Peter Lewerin (Tcl)
Patrice Ossona de Mendez (Pliant)
Bert Freudenberg (Smalltalk & Squeak additions corrections)
Dennis Haney (Perl, C#)
Fergus Henderson (Mercury)
Ralph Becket (Mercury)
Bill Thornton (Java)
Nik Crabtree (C#)
Neal Holtz (Python)
Donald Chai (Python)
Fred Spiessens (Oz)
Martin Nilsson (Pike)
Theodore Eastman (VisualBasic)
George Herson (Eiffel)
Lee Denison (Tcl)
Anton Rolls (Rebol)
Pedro (Lua)
Nathan Sharfi (C99, C#, C++)
Dirk Gerrits (Common Lisp, Scheme, Emacs Lisp)
Tabitha Arrowny (Ruby, Python, Perl, ...)
P�ter Varga (BourneShell, Common Lisp, ...)
Ian Henderson (Objective C)
Anthony Borla (Classic REXX, Prolog, Logo)
Paul McJones (Modula-3 fixes)
Uwe Kolb (Smalltalk fixes)
Ciaran McNulty (PHP)
David B. Nagle (Yorick)
Michael Schaufelberger (Eiffel)
Samuel Charron (Erlang)
Kyle Ross (OCaml)
Damien Krotkine (Ruby)
Guillaume Cottenceau (Java)
David.Whitten (MUMPS)
Phil Howard (various)
Andrzej Zawadzki (Ruby)
Stuart Brady (VisualBasic)
Joris Gillis (Maple)
Garrett Wollman (Ruby, BourneShell, C...)
Claus Gittinger (Smalltalk)
Bobby 'nneonneo' Xiao (Python)
Michael Schlenker (Tcl)
Alex Vondrak (Python)
Daniel Laberge (Pascal)
Daniel Wagner (Haskell)
Bob Bane (Common Lisp)
Alan Hogan (Java)
Steve Davison (C)
Konstantin Yegupov (PHP, Python...)
No� Rubinstein (Io)
Florentin Millour (Yorick)
Axel Liljencrantz (FishShell)
Sanghyeon Seo (Lua)

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